根據(jù)不同情況，小編碰到過(guò)的有以下幾種情況：

1.運(yùn)行tomcat的啟動(dòng)文件startup.bat，彈出黑窗口，直接閃退。

這種情況一般都是沒(méi)有配置JAVA_HOME導(dǎo)致的，配置jdk如果沒(méi)有使用JAVA_HOME的方式配置環(huán)境變量，就會(huì)出這種問(wèn)題

2.啟動(dòng)后，停留一段時(shí)間，打印一些日志，然后窗口關(guān)閉。

這種情況一般是端口號(hào)沖突了。

由于端口號(hào)只會(huì)支持一個(gè)程序運(yùn)行，如果tomcat的默認(rèn)端口號(hào)被其他程序占用，就會(huì)導(dǎo)致沖突。解決這種問(wèn)題的手段分為兩種，第一，關(guān)閉占用默認(rèn)端口號(hào)的程序（不太建議），第二，修改tomcat使用的默認(rèn)端口號(hào)。

關(guān)閉占用默認(rèn)端口號(hào)的程序

如果選擇結(jié)束掉占用了默認(rèn)端口號(hào)的程序，如何查看是哪個(gè)程序占用了端口號(hào)呢？

在cmd命令輸入netstat-aov

本地地址最右側(cè)就是已經(jīng)被使用的端口號(hào)，找到默認(rèn)端口號(hào)8080，記下最右側(cè)的數(shù)字（PID的值）

接著打開(kāi)任務(wù)管理器，找到和PID值匹配的進(jìn)程，將其關(guān)閉即可（默認(rèn)情況下，任務(wù)管理器不會(huì)顯示PID，需要手動(dòng)開(kāi)啟PID顯示）

修改tomcat使用的默認(rèn)端口號(hào)

在TomCat文件目錄下找到conf文件下的server.xml文件

修改上圖的8080即可。

3.運(yùn)行tomcat后，tomcat很快就啟動(dòng)完成了，但是日志打印了一大堆嚴(yán)重。

這種情況，似乎是因?yàn)閠omcat的權(quán)限不足導(dǎo)致的，需要提升tomcat的權(quán)限，只需要修改tomcat中的config文件夾的權(quán)限，將權(quán)限改成完全控制，如下圖（要注意，一定要修改電腦當(dāng)前登錄用戶下的權(quán)限，否則沒(méi)用，在下圖中的組或用戶名中找到當(dāng)前登錄的用戶。）

發(fā)一下，這種情況報(bào)的錯(cuò)誤信息。

信息: Loaded APR based Apache Tomcat Native library 1.1.14.
2009-5-25 7:55:48 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init
信息: APR capabilities: IPv6 [false], sendfile [true], accept filters [false], random [true].
2009-5-25 7:55:50 org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol init
信息: Initializing Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8080
2009-5-25 7:55:50 org.apache.coyote.ajp.AjpAprProtocol init
信息: Initializing Coyote AJP/1.3 on ajp-8009
2009-5-25 7:55:50 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
信息: Initialization processed in 3594 ms
2009-5-25 7:55:50 org.apache.naming.NamingContext lookup
警告: Unexpected exception resolving reference
java.io.IOException: Cannot rename original file to C:/Program Files/Apache Software Foundation/Tomcat 6.0/conf/tomcat-users.xml.old
 at org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabase.save(MemoryUserDatabase.java:582)
 at org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory.getObjectInstance(MemoryUserDatabaseFactory.java:104)
 at org.apache.naming.factory.ResourceFactory.getObjectInstance(ResourceFactory.java:140)
 at javax.naming.spi.NamingManager.getObjectInstance(NamingManager.java:304)
 at org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:793)
 at org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:140)
 at org.apache.naming.NamingContextBindingsEnumeration.nextElementInternal(NamingContextBindingsEnumeration.java:113)
 at org.apache.naming.NamingContextBindingsEnumeration.next(NamingContextBindingsEnumeration.java:71)
 at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener.createMBeans(GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener.java:137)
 at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener.createMBeans(GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener.java:109)
 at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener.lifecycleEvent(GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener.java:81)
 at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:117)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:703)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:578)
 at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
 at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
 at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
 at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:585)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:288)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:413)
2009-5-25 7:55:50 org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener createMBeans
嚴(yán)重: Exception processing Global JNDI Resources
javax.naming.NamingException: Cannot rename original file to C:/Program Files/Apache Software Foundation/Tomcat 6.0/conf/tomcat-users.xml.old
 at org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:805)
 at org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:140)
 at org.apache.naming.NamingContextBindingsEnumeration.nextElementInternal(NamingContextBindingsEnumeration.java:113)
 at org.apache.naming.NamingContextBindingsEnumeration.next(NamingContextBindingsEnumeration.java:71)
 at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener.createMBeans(GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener.java:137)
 at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener.createMBeans(GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener.java:109)
 at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener.lifecycleEvent(GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener.java:81)
 at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:117)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:703)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:578)
 at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
 at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
 at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
 at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:585)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:288)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:413)
2009-5-25 7:55:50 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService start
信息: Starting service Catalina
2009-5-25 7:55:50 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine start
信息: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/6.0.18
2009-5-25 7:55:50 org.apache.naming.NamingContext lookup
警告: Unexpected exception resolving reference
java.io.IOException: Cannot rename original file to C:/Program Files/Apache Software Foundation/Tomcat 6.0/conf/tomcat-users.xml.old
 at org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabase.save(MemoryUserDatabase.java:582)
 at org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory.getObjectInstance(MemoryUserDatabaseFactory.java:104)
 at org.apache.naming.factory.ResourceFactory.getObjectInstance(ResourceFactory.java:140)
 at javax.naming.spi.NamingManager.getObjectInstance(NamingManager.java:304)
 at org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:793)
 at org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:153)
 at org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm.start(UserDatabaseRealm.java:253)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1037)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:443)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:516)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:710)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:578)
 at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
 at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
 at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
 at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:585)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:288)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:413)
2009-5-25 7:55:50 org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm start
嚴(yán)重: Exception looking up UserDatabase under key UserDatabase
javax.naming.NamingException: Cannot rename original file to C:/Program Files/Apache Software Foundation/Tomcat 6.0/conf/tomcat-users.xml.old
 at org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:805)
 at org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:153)
 at org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm.start(UserDatabaseRealm.java:253)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1037)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:443)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:516)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:710)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:578)
 at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
 at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
 at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
 at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:585)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:288)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:413)
2009-5-25 7:55:50 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
嚴(yán)重: Catalina.start: 
LifecycleException:  No UserDatabase component found under key UserDatabase
 at org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm.start(UserDatabaseRealm.java:261)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1037)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:443)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:516)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:710)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:578)
 at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
 at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
 at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
 at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:585)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:288)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:413)
2009-5-25 7:55:50 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
信息: Server startup in 299 ms

以上就是動(dòng)力節(jié)點(diǎn)小編介紹的"Tomcat啟動(dòng)失敗的原因"，希望對(duì)大家有幫助，如有疑問(wèn)，請(qǐng)?jiān)诰€咨詢，有專業(yè)老師隨時(shí)為您服務(wù)。